@PhDThesis{Sato:2017:TeLiQu,
author = "Sato, Luciane Yumie",
title = "Tecnologia LiDAR para quantifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos impactos de
inc{\^e}ndios na estrutura florestal no sudoeste da
Amaz{\^o}nia",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2017",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2016-08-25",
keywords = "biomassa florestal acima do solo, florestas tropicais, fogo,
degrada{\c{c}}{\~a}o, light detection and ranging, above ground
biomass, tropical forest, fire, degradation.",
abstract = "Entender a estrutura e a din{\^a}mica das florestas tropicais
{\'e} fundamental para quantificar os impactos das
mudan{\c{c}}as ambientais sobre esses ecossistemas. O fogo {\'e}
um dos principais fatores que impactam diretamente a estrutura, a
composi{\c{c}}{\~a}o flor{\'{\i}}stica e a biomassa florestal
na Amaz{\^o}nia. Devido {\`a} grande extens{\~a}o
geogr{\'a}fica da Amaz{\^o}nia, t{\'e}cnicas de sensoriamento
remoto s{\~a}o necess{\'a}rios para avaliar exaustivamente os
impactos de inc{\^e}ndios florestais no {\^a}mbito da paisagem.
Neste contexto, esse trabalho tem como objetivo quantificar, pela
primeira vez, o impacto do fogo na estrutura florestal no sudoeste
da Amaz{\^o}nia usando dados de LiDAR. Para isto, o presente
trabalho avaliou quatro {\'a}reas localizadas no estado do Acre,
denominadas de RIB, Humait{\'a}, Bonal e Talism{\~a}. As
{\'a}reas de RIB e Humait{\'a} sofreram com queimadas no ano de
2005 e as {\'a}reas de Bonal e Talism{\~a} no ano de 2010.
Nessas {\'a}reas, foram inventariadas 25 parcelas (0,25 ha cada)
no ano de 2014. Foi observado que as maiores perdas de biomassa
florestal ocorrem nos cinco primeiros anos ap{\'o}s a
ocorr{\^e}ncia do fogo, reduzindo entre 11\% e 16\% a biomassa
florestal. Entre oito e dez anos ap{\'o}s o evento de fogo, a
perda de biomassa florestal {\'e} menor, variando entre 1\% e
8\%. O total de biomassa florestal acima do solo perdida nas
quatro regi{\~o}es de estudo foi de 9.193 Mg, com uma perda
m{\'e}dia de 2.298 Mg por regi{\~a}o. A biomassa florestal
m{\'e}dia nas {\'a}reas n{\~a}o queimadas variou entre 115
Mgha\$^{\−1}\$ e 188 Mgha\$^{\−1}\$. Para as
{\'a}reas afetadas pelo fogo, a biomassa m{\'e}dia variou entre
96 Mgha\$^{\−1}\$ e 186 Mgha\$^{\−1}\$. Os
baixos valores de biomassa florestal, tanto nas {\'a}reas
controle como nas {\'a}reas queimadas, podem estar associados com
a presen{\c{c}}a de bambu nessas florestas. O impacto do fogo
associado com a mortalidade dos indiv{\'{\i}}duos foi claramente
detectado usando o LiDAR, mesmo ap{\'o}s dez anos da
ocorr{\^e}ncia da queimada nas florestas. A partir dos dados
produzidos nesse trabalho, verifica-se que os dist{\'u}rbios do
fogo na regi{\~a}o Amaz{\^o}nica podem causar perdas
persistentes na biomassa florestal e consequente
redu{\c{c}}{\~a}o do estoque de carbono dessas {\'a}reas.
Nossos resultados mostraram que dez ap{\'o}s a ocorr{\^e}ncia do
fogo, n{\~a}o houve recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o completa da floresta
em rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\`a} altura e {\`a} biomassa florestal
nas {\'a}reas queimadas (p < 0.05). O monitoramento
cont{\'{\i}}nuo das florestas afetadas pelo fogo {\'e}
essencial para que se possa descrever a trajet{\'o}ria de
recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o em longo prazo das florestas
Amaz{\^o}nicas. ABSTRACT: Understanding the dynamics of tropical
forest structure is critical for quantifying impacts of
environmental changes on these ecosystems. Fire is one of the main
factors that directly impact the structure, floristic composition
and forest biomass in the Amazon. Because of the large
geographical extent of Amazonia, remote sensing techniques are
required for comprehensively assessing forest fire impacts at the
landscape level. In this context, this work aims, for the first
time, to quantify post-fire changes in forest canopy height and
biomass using Airborne LiDAR in western Amazonia. For this, the
present study evaluated four areas located in the state of Acre,
called RIB, Humait{\'a}, Bonal and Talism{\~a}. RIB and
Humait{\'a} was burned in 2005 and Bonal and Talism{\~a} was
burned in 2010. In these areas were inventoried 25 plots (0.25 ha
each) in 2014. It was observed that the biggest losses of forest
biomass occur in the first five years after the occurrence of
fire, reducing the forest biomass from 11\% to 16\%. Between
eight and ten years after the fire event, the loss of forest
biomass is smaller, ranging between 1\% and 8\%. The total
forest above ground biomass lost in four study regions was 9,193
Mg, with an average loss of 2,298 Mg per region. The average
forest biomass in unburned areas varies between 115
Mgha\$^{\−1}\$ and 188 Mgha\$^{\−1}\$. For the
affected areas, the average biomass varies between 96
Mgha\$^{\−1}\$ and 186 Mgha\$^{\−1}\$. The low
forest biomass values in both control areas and in the burnt areas
may be associated with the presence of bamboo in this region. The
fire impact associated to the mortality of trees was clearly
detected using LiDAR up to ten years after the fire event. This
study indicates that fire disturbance in the Amazon region can
cause persistent above-ground biomass loss and consequent
reduction of forest carbon stocks. Our results showed that ten
after the occurrence of the fire, there was no complete recovery
of the forest in relation to height and forest biomass in burned
areas (p<0.05). Continuous monitoring of burned forests is
required for depicting the long-term recovery trajectory of
fire-affected Amazonian forests.",
committee = "Arag{\~a}o, Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de
(presidente/orientador) and Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir (orientador)
and Aguiar, Ana Paula Dutra de and Cardoso, Manoel Ferreira and
Longo, Marcos and Rodriguez, Luiz Carlos Estraviz",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Airborne LiDAR for quantifying impacts of fire on forest structure
in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon",
language = "pt",
pages = "126",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3M8GSQ2",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3M8GSQ2",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}